SSH Clients for Windows

Written by: Robert R. Russell on Sunday, August 23, 2020.

Here is a listing of my preferred SSH clients for Windows.

Windows has included a copy of OpenSSH enable by default since the April 2018 Update to Windows 10. The only downside to using it is the very basic default terminal in Windows. If we use Windows Terminal then it is an acceptable option though I prefer using one of the WSL distributions.

Bitvise SSH is a free, but not opensource, SSH client that was previously my default SSH client for Windows.

Putty is the old standard that I abandoned shortly after I found out about Bitvise.

There are a couple of other SSH options on the Microsoft store that I haven’t tried.

©2020 Robert R. Russell — All rights reserved


Enabling TLS 1.3 in Apache >= 2.4.38

Written by: Robert R. Russell on Wednesday, August 19, 2020.

TLSv1.3 is now available on 85% of web clients, according to caniuse.com. Since I don’t have to support either Internet Explorer or the six microscopic mobile web browsers that don’t support it at all, I have gone ahead and migrated my servers straight over to TLSv1.3.

Below is a sample configuration that will enable TLSv1.3 and the currently recommended ciphers in a reasonable order. You must enable TLSv1.3 globally on the entire server. I made my adjustments in the /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/ssl.conf file. That is the correct file for Debian and Ubuntu. Fedora and RHEL will probably be under /etc/httpd/. I gave Chacha preference above AES due to the number of mobile devices running modern browsers that don’t have AES hardware acceleration.

#   SSL Cipher Suite:
#   List the ciphers that the client is permitted to negotiate. See the
#   ciphers(1) man page from the openssl package for list of all available
#   options.
#   Enable only secure ciphers:
SSLCipherSuite TLSv1.3 TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256:TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256

# SSL server cipher order preference:
# Use server priorities for cipher algorithm choice.
# Clients may prefer lower grade encryption.  You should enable this
# option if you want to enforce stronger encryption, and can afford
# the CPU cost, and did not override SSLCipherSuite in a way that puts
# insecure ciphers first.
# Default: Off
SSLHonorCipherOrder on

#   The protocols to enable.
#   Available values: all, SSLv3, TLSv1, TLSv1.1, TLSv1.2
#   SSL v2  is no longer supported
SSLProtocol -all +TLSv1.3

©2020 Robert R. Russell — All rights reserved


Recommended Youtube Ww2 Historian

Written by: Robert R. Russell on Monday, August 17, 2020.

TIK, formerly The Imperator Knight, makes long-form videos about lesser know WW2 battles. The early actions in the North African Campaign are exciting. I have one of his documentary playlists embedded below.

©2020 Robert R. Russell — All rights reserved


ZFS Backup Tool Part 6

Written by: Robert R. Russell on Friday, August 14, 2020.

Now that I can read and write a snapshot, how do I process a list of snapshots in a useful manner? First, let me define what I mean by a useful manner. I want the tool to keep a copy of all automatic snapshot on the source ZFS tree on the destination tree as an automatic snapshot is aged off of the source it needs to be aged off of the destination as well. It will transfer snapshots one at a time instead of transferring all of the intermediate snapshots at the same time; the ZFS send -i option versus the -I option.

The best data structure for this is a tree or graph. The tree starts with a list of yearly snapshots. Every snapshot has two slices of children—one for the child frequency snapshots older than it. The younger slice will be populated only if the current snapshot is the youngest child at its frequency strata. A picture demonstrating my idea follows this paragraph. I will delve into implementation details in the next part of the ZFS Backup Tool series.

©2020 Robert R. Russell — All rights reserved


ZFS Backup Tool Part 5

Written by: Robert R. Russell on Thursday, August 13, 2020.

Now that I can read a list of snapshots, I need to read a snapshot and transfer it to the destination. The three functions that allow me to do that are exec.StdinPipe(), exec.StdoutPipe(), and io.CopyBuffer().

The process consists of the following steps:

  1. Create an exec.Cmd representing the zfs send command
  2. Use exec.StdoutPipe() to connect a pipe to the output of the command created in step 1.
  3. Create an exec.Cmd representing the zfs receive command
  4. Use exec.StdinPipe() to connect a pipe to the input of the command created in step 3.
  5. Start both commands
  6. Use io.CopyBuffer() to read from the snapshot to the receiver.

You can view the code here.

©2020 Robert R. Russell — All rights reserved


Fall Cleaning Instead of Spring Cleaning

Written by: Robert R. Russell on Wednesday, August 12, 2020.

I spent yesterday and today cleaning out my bedroom to make room for this.

©2020 Robert R. Russell — All rights reserved


Here Is a Photo of My Cat

Written by: Robert R. Russell on Tuesday, August 11, 2020.

There will not be a bigger post today. So here is a photo of Callie.

©2020 Robert R. Russell — All rights reserved


Two Weeks Posting Challenge Review

Written by: Robert R. Russell on Monday, August 10, 2020.

When I rebooted my blog, yet again, I gave myself the personal challenge of writing at least one article per day. Except for August 3rd, 2020, I have met that challenge. Let’s see it continues.

©2020 Robert R. Russell — All rights reserved


Self Hosting a Git Server

Written by: Robert R. Russell on Sunday, August 9, 2020.

Which software to use?

With the ZFS backup tool, I want to host the code for it here on my website instead of GitHub. What options are available? If I want to host the bare repo, I can use ssh for write access and add a virtual host for apache so you can have read access. If I want a nice web interface, though, I need a different setup.

A bit of online searching shows four major self-hosted Git web frontends. They are GitLab, Gitea, GitBucket, and Gogs. GitLab and GitBucket are out because they require a lot of extra software to support the service. GitLab could almost qualify as its own Linux distro with a bit more work. GitBucket is nearly as bad. That leaves the two clones, Gogs and Gitea. Gitea is a fork of Gogs with more maintainers. The increase in maintainers gives Gitea a faster issue resolution, so I chose it.

System requirements

Gitea has very moderate system requirements. Golang, about 256MB of RAM, and optionally MariaDB, MySQL, or PostgreSQL. An external database is a recommendation for large sites. I will use MariaDB because I am already using it and have a working scheduled backup of my entire database server.

Installation

Since Ubuntu doesn’t have a current package for Gitea, I followed the From binary instructions on docs.gitea.io. I followed the MySQL portion of the Database preparation page to create the needed MariaDB database. I followed the Using Apache HTTPD as a reverse proxy section of the Reverse Proxies page to finish the setup.

The manual setup was quicker than the Docker setup I played with on my lab network.

You can explore my repositories by clicking the My Git Repositories link in the header menu on desktop or the dropdown menu on mobile.

©2020 Robert R. Russell — All rights reserved


Mustie1: Good Small Engine Channel

Written by: Robert R. Russell on Saturday, August 8, 2020.

Mustie1 does small engine repair videos. Most of his videos start with something simple that someone overlooked with the “dead” engine. He fixes that and usually cleans the engine as well.

Here are three videos where he fixed a forklift that someone abandoned because two previous mechanics wouldn’t follow their troubleshooting workflow to the end.





©2020 Robert R. Russell — All rights reserved